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Сегодня — 26 апреля 2026EnRSS

Renewed violence in Mali raises fears of escalating Sahel crisis

Fresh fighting has erupted in Kidal, where Tuareg rebels backed by jihadists are clashing with government forces supported by Russian mercenaries. The violence follows coordinated nationwide attacks, including explosions and sustained gunfire in Bamako, highlighting a worsening security situation.

Threat to over 8,000 soil-dependent species remains unknown

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The study Global Assessment of the Extinction Risk of Soil-Dependent Species: Recent Advances and Recommendations finds that existing research is still insufficient to assess the conservation status of this biodiversity. The warning was issued on Soil and Water Conservation Day, observed on April 15.

The survey, published in international scientific journals, highlights that soil is essential for human survival, as 95 percent of food production depends on the health of this ecosystem, which can also store 27 percent of the carbon needed to keep global warming below 2°C.

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Under the leadership of the nonprofit organization Conservation International (CI), only species listed as threatened with extinction by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) were assessed. Based on these data, 8,653 species were classified, of which 20 percent - at least 1,758 - remain at risk of extinction, the researchers note.

Another 1,722 species could not be assessed due to insufficient data to determine their global status.

“This is the first time we have attempted to assess the extinction risk of soil-dependent species, and data are really only available for vertebrates. Currently, there is very little information on the conservation status of invertebrates and fungi, which make up the vast majority of soil-dependent species,” explains Neil Cox, manager of the Biodiversity Assessment Unit, who led the study.

According to the researchers, the world’s most comprehensive list of global extinction risk - the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species - underrepresents soil biodiversity. This lack of information could negatively impact life on the planet, as other studies indicate that soil diversity is essential for ecosystem functioning.

Invertebrates and fungi

One example is the limited knowledge of soil-dependent invertebrates and fungi, which are underrepresented on the IUCN list, with only 503 species assessed, even though they make up the majority of soil-dependent species - that is, those that spend a critical part of their life cycle in the soil or predominantly inhabit the soil–litter interface.

“There is a possibility that many little-known or yet-undiscovered species of soil-dependent invertebrates and fungi could be lost before they are even discovered - and that is very concerning. We don’t know exactly what the impact of losing these species would be on overall soil health, but it is understood to be negative,” warns the researcher.

Based on this assessment, the study offers recommendations for the academic community, governments, and society to advance knowledge of soil biodiversity:

  • Establish a working group on soil biota within the IUCN Species Survival Commission;
  • Strengthen ties between regional and global organizations working on soil biodiversity management;
  • Improve knowledge sharing among the IUCN, governments, landowners, and the public regarding the importance of soil conservation.

For Cox, this implies broadening communication efforts and emphasizing the importance of preserving a rich diversity of soil-dependent species in land management practices.

“It is difficult to predict all the impacts, but given the importance of these species for various ecosystem services, such as the decomposition of organic matter and the release and cycling of nutrients, a reduction in this diversity will likely affect the overall health of the soil on which we depend,” he concludes.

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