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Brazil sets organ transplant record in 2025

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Brazil recorded 31,000 transplants in 2025, a historic record for the country. The figure represents a 21 percent increase compared to 2022, when 25,600 procedures were performed. The result reflects advances in the logistics and organization of the system nationwide, with strengthened institutional partnerships and expanded patient access to transplants.

The consolidation of interstate distribution, coordinated by the National Transplant Center, has been decisive in this process. In 2025, this strategy enabled 867 kidney, 375 liver, 100 heart, 25 lung, and four pancreas transplants, helping address clinical priorities and reduce the loss of organs more sensitive to ischemia time.

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The results also reflect the joint effort between the Ministry of Health, airlines, and the Brazilian Air Force (FAB) to ensure the rapid transport of organs and procurement and transplant teams. In 2025, 4,808 flights were carried out - a 22 percent increase compared to 2022 - helping ensure that organs arrive at their destination on time, increasing the chances of successful transplantation and saving more lives across the country.

There was also an increase in the number of organ procurement teams, which helped expand the pool of potential donors. The number of professionals rose from 1,537 in 2022 to 1,600 in 2026.

Despite these advances, a major challenge remains: family refusal of organ donation. Today, about 45 percent of families do not authorize donation, limiting the number of transplants that could be performed. It is a decision made during a difficult time, marked by grief and emotional distress. That is why discussing the topic with family members makes a difference. When a person’s wish to be a donor is known, the decision becomes easier and can help save other lives.

The Ministry of Health has been investing in improvements to the National Transplant System (SNT). Among the initiatives is the National Program for Quality in Organ and Tissue Donation for Transplants (Prodot), which trains healthcare professionals to identify potential donors, conduct supportive interviews with families, and ensure the quality of the entire donation process.

Procedures

Corneal transplants were the most common in 2025, with 17,790 procedures. They were followed by kidney (6,697), bone marrow (3,993), liver (2,573), and heart transplants (427). In all cases, Brazil’s public healthcare network, the SUS, provides patients with all necessary care free of charge, including preoperative tests, surgery, follow-up care, and post-transplant medication.

The SUS funds approximately 86 percent of transplants in Brazil, ensuring free and universal access. To guarantee high-quality care, the Ministry of Health also allocated additional funds to the National Transplant System (SNT) in 2025. While investment in 2022 totaled BRL 1.1 billion, federal funding reached BRL 1.5 billion last year, a 37 percent increase.

British court rejects mining company’s new appeal in Mariana case

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The English Court of Appeal rejected on Wednesday (May 6) a new appeal by mining company BHP regarding the 2015 collapse of the Fundão dam in Mariana, Minas Gerais state.

As a result, the November 2025 ruling stands, in which the English High Court held the Anglo-Australian company liable for the disaster. The judges found that BHP, Vale’s partner in managing the mining company Samarco, operated the dam and was aware of the risks prior to the breach, thereby demonstrating negligence, recklessness, and/or incompetence.

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On October 5, 2025, the tragedy in Mariana marked its tenth anniversary. The collapse of the Fundão dam released approximately 40 million cubic meters of toxic waste and mud into the Doce River. It also affected nearby municipalities and killed 19 people.

BHP had already filed an initial appeal seeking to overturn the ruling and had exhausted the last ordinary remedy available in the English legal system to challenge the judgment. In Wednesday’s decision, the court concluded that there is no compelling reason for the appeal to be heard.

In the English legal system, the right to appeal is not automatic. The interested party must obtain permission to file an appeal.

Consequently, Phase 2 of the proceedings remains in effect. This phase examines the categories of losses and the evidence used to quantify the damages suffered by the victims and determine compensation amounts. The trial hearing for this phase is scheduled for April 2027.

The law firm Pogust Goodhead, which represents the victims of the Mariana disaster in England, welcomed Wednesday’s decision.

“The Court of Appeal has now joined the High Court in concluding that BHP’s grounds for appeal have no realistic prospect of success. It is a resounding and unequivocal result. BHP is responsible for the worst environmental disaster in Brazil’s history and will have no further opportunity to overturn the decision,” said Jonathan Wheeler, a partner at the firm.

“Our clients have waited more than a decade for justice, while BHP has pursued every legal avenue to avoid accountability. Those avenues are now closed. We are focused on securing the compensation to which hundreds of thousands of Brazilians have long been entitled,” he added.

In a statement, BHP Brazil said that “it has been supporting Samarco to ensure fair and full reparation” and that it will continue its defense in England “vigorously and for as long as necessary.”

The company also stated that “it remains confident that the work carried out since 2015 and the New Rio Doce Agreement, signed in October 2024, which secured BRL 170 billion for reparations, provide the fastest and most efficient solution for compensating those affected. This work has already ensured payments to more than 625,000 people.”

According to the company, the British court recognized the compensation programs in 2024 and validated the settlements signed by those who had already received full compensation: “About 40 percent of the total individual claimants in the UK lawsuit will be excluded from the proceedings, which will significantly reduce the size and value of the claims filed there.”

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